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BOOK 15 (from: _Apostolic Fathers,_ Lightfoot & Harmer, 1891 translation)

               Fragments regarding PAPIAS

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CHAPTER 1
 <<1:0  Irenaeus, _Against All Heresies,_ 5/33:3-4>>
 1:1  |The blessing thus foretold belongs undoubtedly
to the times of the Kingdom, when the righteous shall
rise from the dead and reign, when too creation
renewed and freed from bondage shall produce a wealth
of food of all kinds _from the dew of heaven and from
the fatness of the earth;_ as the elders, who saw John
the disciple of the Lord, relate, that they had heard
from him, how the Lord used to teach concerning those
times, and to say,
 1:2  |"The days will come, in which vines shall grow,
each having ten thousand shoots, and on each shoot ten
thousand branches, and on each branch again ten
thousand twigs, and on each twig ten thousand
clusters, and on each cluster ten thousand grapes, and
each grape when pressed shall yield five-and-twenty
measures of wine.
 1:3  And when any of the saints shall have taken hold
of one of their clusters, another shall cry, I am a
better cluster; take me, bless the Lord through me.
Likewise also a grain of wheat shall produce ten
thousand heads, and every head shall have ten thousand
grains, and every grain ten pounds of fine flour,
bright and clean, and the other fruits, seeds and the
grass shall produce in similar proportions, and all
the animals, using these fruits which are products of
the soil, shall become in their turn peaceable and
harmonious, obedient to man in all subjection."
 1:4  |These thing Papias, who was a hearer of John and
a companion of Polycarp, an ancient worthy, witnesseth
in writing in the fourth of his books, for there are
five books composed by him. And he added, saying,
 1:5  |"But these things are credible to them that
believe. And when Judas the traitor did not believe,
and asked, How shall such growths be accomplished by
the Lord? he relates that the Lord said, They shall
see, who shall come to these (times)."

CHAPTER 2
 <<2:0  Eusebius, _Hist. Eccl._ 3/39:1-17>>
 2:1  |Five books of Papias are extant, which bear the
title Expositions of Oracles of the Lord. Of these
Irenaeus also makes mention as the only works written
by him, in the following words:`These things Papias,
who was a hearer of John and a companion of Polycarp,
and ancient worthy, witnesseth in writing in the
fourth of his books. For there are five books composed
by him.' So far Irenaeus.
 2:2  |Yet Papias himself, in the preface to his
discourses, certainly does not declare that he himself
was a hearer and eye-witness of the holy Apostles, but
he shows, by the language which he uses, that he
received the matters of the faith from those who were
their friends: --
 2:3  |"But I will not scruple also to give a place for
you along with my interpretations to everything that I
learnt carefully and remembered carefully in time past
from the elders, guaranteeing its truth. For, unlike
the many, I did not take pleasure in those who have so
very much to say, but in those who teach the truth;
nor in those who relate foreign commandments, but in
those (who record) such as were given from the Lord to
the Faith, and are derived from the Truth itself."
 2:4  "And again, on any occasion when a person came
(in my way) who had been a follower of the Elders, I
would inquire about the discourses of the elders --
what was said by Andrew, or by Peter, or by Philip, or
by Thomas or James, or by John or Matthew or any other
of the Lord's disciples, and what Aristion and the
Elder John, the disciples of the Lord, say. For I did
not think that I could get so much profit from the
contents of books as from the utterances of a living
and abiding voice."
 2:5  |Here it is worth while to observe that he twice
enumerates the name of John. The first he mentions in
connexion with Peter and James and Matthew and the
rest of the Apostles, evidently meaning the
Evangelist, but the other John he mentions after an
interval and classes with others outside the number of
the Apostles, placing Aristion before him, and he
distinctly calls him an Elder.
 2:6  So that he hereby makes it quite evident that
their statement is true who say that there were two
persons of that name in Asia, and that there are two
tombs in Ephesus, each of which even now is called
(the tomb) of John. And it is important to notice
this; for it is probable that it was the second, if
one will not admit that it was the first, who saw the
Revelation which is ascribed by name to John.
 2:7  And Papias, of whom we are now speaking,
confesses that he had received the words of the
Apostles from those who had followed them, but says
that he was himself a hearer of Aristion and the Elder
John. At all events he mentions them frequently by
name, and besides records their traditions in his
writings. So much for these points which I trust have
not been uselessly adduced.
 2:8  |It is worth while however to add to the words of
Papias given above other passages from him, in which
he records some other wonderful events likewise, as
having come down to him by tradition.
 2:9  That Philip the Apostle resided in Hierapolis
with his daughters has been already stated; but how
Papias, their contemporary, relates that he had heard
a marvellous tale from the daughters of Philip, must
be noted here. For he relates that in his time a man
rose from the dead, and again he gives another
wonderful story about Justus who was surnamed
Barsabas, how that he drank a deadly poison, and yet,
by the grace of the Lord, suffered no inconvenience.
 2:10  Of this Justus the Book of the Acts records
that after the ascension of the Saviour the holy
Apostles put him forward with Matthias, and prayed for
the (right) choice, in place of the traitor Judas,
that should make their number complete. The passage is
somewhat as follows; _`And they put forward two,
Joseph, called Barsabas, who was surnamed Justus, and
Matthias; and they prayed, and said.'_
 2:11  The same writer has recorded other notices as
having come down to him from oral tradition, certain
strange parables of the Saviour and teachings of His,
and some other statements of a rather mythical
character.
 2:12  Among which he says that there will be a period
of some ten thousand years after the resurrection, and
that the kingdom of Christ will be set up in material
form on this earth. These ideas I suppose he got
through a misunderstanding of the apostolic accounts,
not perceiving that the things recorded there in
figures were spoken by them mystically.
 2:13  For he evidently was a man of very mean
capacity, as one may say judging from his own
statements: yet it was owing to him that so many
church fathers after him adopted a like opinion,
urging in their own support the antiquity of the man,
as for instance Irenaeus and whoever else they were
who declared that they held like views.
 2:14  Papias also gives in his own work other
accounts of the words of the Lord on the authority of
Aristion who has been mentioned above, and traditions
of the Elder John. To these we refer the curious, and
for our present purpose we will merely add to his
words, which have been quoted above, a tradition,
which has been set forth through these sources
concerning Mark who wrote the Gospel: --
 2:15  |"And the Elder said this also: Mark, having
become the interpreter of Peter, wrote down accurately
everything that he remembered, without however
recording in order what was either said or done by
Christ. For neither did he hear the Lord, nor did he
follow Him; but afterwards, as I said, (attended)
Peter, who adapted his instructions to the needs (of
his hearers) but had no design of giving a connected
account of the Lord's oracles. So then Mark made no
mistake, while he thus wrote down some things as he
remembered them; for he made it his one care not to
omit anything that he heard, or to set down any false
statement therein."
 2:16  |Such then is the account given by Papias
concerning Mark. But concerning Matthew, the following
statement is made (by him):
 2:17  |"So then Matthew composed the oracles in the
Hebrew language, and each one interpreted them as he
could."
 2:18  |The same writer employed testimonies from the
First Epistle of John, and likewise from that of
Peter. And he has related another story about a woman
accused of many sins before the Lord, which the Gospel
according to the Hebrews contains.

CHAPTER 3
 <<3:0  Cramer, _Catena ad Acta SS. Apost._ (1838)>>
 3:1  |Apollinarius. `Judas did not die by hanging, but
lived on, having been cut down before he was
suffocated. And the Acts of the Apostles show this,
that _falling headlong he burst asunder in the midst,
and all his bowels gushed out._ This fact is related
more clearly by Papias, the disciple of John, in the
fourth (book) of the Exposition of the Oracles of the
Lord as follows: --
 3:2  |"Judas walked about in this world a terrible
example of impiety; his flesh swollen to such an
extent that, where a waggon can pass with ease, he was
not able to pass, no, not even the mass of his head
merely. They say that his eyelids swelled to such an
extent that he could not see the light at all, while
as for his eyes they were not visible even by a
physician looking through an instrument, so far had
they sunk from the surface."'
 3:3 --none --

CHAPTER 4
 <<4:0  Andrew of Caesarea, _On the Apocalypse_ 34:12
(PG 106:325)>>
 4:1  |But thus says Papias, (I quote him) word for
word: -- "To some of them," clearly the angels which
at first were holy, "He gave dominion also over the
arrangement of the universe, and He commissioned them
to exercise their dominion well."
 4:2  |And he says next: -- "But it so befel that their
array came to nought; for the great dragon, the old
serpent, who is also called Satan and the devil, was
cast down, yea, and was cast down to the earth, he and
his angels."

CHAPTER 5
 <<5:0  Andrew of Caesarea, _On the Apocalypse_
preface (PG 106:217 or 220 -- which?)>>
 5:1  |With regard however to the inspiration of the
book (i.e. the Apocalypse) we hold it superfluous to
speak at length; since the blessed Gregory (I mean,
the Divine) and Cyril, and men of an older generation
as well, Papias, Irenaeus, Methodius and Hippolytus,
bear testimony to its genuineness.

CHAPTER 6
 <<6:0  Anastasius of Sinai, _Contempl. Anagog. in
Hexaemeron._ 1 (PG 89.860)>>
 6:1  |Taking their start from Papias the great, of
Hierapolis, the disciple of the Apostle who leaned on
Christ's bosom, and Clement, Pantaenus the priest of
the Alexandrians and Ammonius, the great scholar,
those ancient and first expositors who agree with each
other in understanding all the work of the six days
(as referring) to Christ and His Church.

CHAPTER 7
 <<7:0  Anastasius of Sinai, _Contempl. Anagog. in
Hexaemeron._ 7 (PG 89:961-962)>>
 7:1  |So then the more ancient expositors of the
churches, I mean Philo, the philosopher, and
contemporary of the Apostles, and the famous Papias of
Hierapolis, the disciple of John the Evangelist ...
and their associates, interpreted the sayings about
Paradise spiritually, and referred them to the Church
of Christ.

CHAPTER 8
 <<8:0  Maximus the Confessor, _Scholia in  Dionysii
Areopagitae De Caelesti Hierarchia_ 2:5 (PG 4:48-49>>
 8:1  |Those who practised guilelessness towards God
they used to call children, as Papias also shows in
the first book of the Expositions of the Lord, and
Clement of Alexandria in the Paedagogue.

CHAPTER 9
 <<9:0  Maximus the Confessor, _Scholia in Dionysii
Areopagitae De Ecclesiastica Hierarchia_ 7:2
(PG 4:176>>
  9:1  |This he says, darkly indicating, I suppose,
Papias of Hierapolis in Asia, who was a bishop at that
time and flourished in the days of the holy Evangelist
John. For this Papias in the fourth book of his
Dominical Expositions mentioned viands among the
sources of delights in the resurrection.
 9:2  ...
 9:3  And Irenaeus of Lyons says the same thing in his
fifth book against heresies, and produces in support
of his statement the aforesaid Papias.

CHAPTER 10
 <<10:0  Photius, _Bibliothecae Codices_ 232, on
Stephan Gobarus>>
 10:1  |Nor again (does Stephanus follow) Papias, the
bishop and martyr of Hierapolis, nor Irenaeus, the
holy bishop of Lyons, when they say that the kingdom
of heaven will consist in enjoyment of certain
material foods.

CHAPTER 11
 <<11:0  Philippus of Side (?), _Hist. Christ._
 11:1  |Papias, bishop of Hierapolis, who was a
disciple of John the Divine, and a companion of
Polycarp, wrote five books of Oracles of the Lord,
wherein, when giving a list of the Apostles, after
Peter and John, Philip and Thomas and Matthew he
included among the disciples of the Lord Aristion and
a second John, whom also he called `The Elder.' [He
says] that some think that this John is the author of
the two short and catholic Epistles, which are
published in the name of John; and he gives as the
reason that the primitive (fathers) only accept the
first epistle. Some too have wrongly considered the
Apocalypse also to be his (i.e. the Elder John's)
work. Papias too is in error about the Millennium, and
from him Irenaeus also.
 11:2  Papias in his second book says that John the
Divine and James his brother were killed by the Jews.
The aforesaid Papias stated on the authority of the
daughters of Philip that Barsabas, who is also called
Justus, when challenged by the unbelievers drank
serpent's poison in the name of the Lord, and was
shielded from all harm. He makes also other marvellous
statements, and particularly about the mother of
Manaim who was raised from the dead. As for those who
were raised from the dead by Christ, (he states) that
they survived till the time of Hadrian.

CHAPTER 12
 <<12:0  Gregory Hamartolus, _Chronicon._ Codex
Coislinianus 305 (PG 110:19)>>
 12:1  |After Domitian, Nerva reigned one year, who
recalled John from the island (i.e. Patmos), and
allowed him to dwell in Ephesus. He was at that time
the sole survivor of the twelve Apostles, and after
writing his Gospel received the honour of martyrdom.
 12:2  For Papias, bishop of Hierapolis, who was an
eye-witness of him, in the second book of the Oracles
of the Lord says that he was killed by the Jews, and
thereby evidently fulfilled, together with his
brother, Christ's prophecy concerning them, and their
own confession and undertaking on His behalf. For when
the Lord said to them; _Are ye able to drink of the
cup that I drink of?_, and they readily assented and
agreed, He said; _My cup shall ye drink, and with the
baptism that I am baptized shall ye be baptized._ And
reasonably so, for it is impossible for God to lie.
 12:3  So too the learned Origen affirms in his
interpretation of S. Matthew's Gospel that John was
martyred, declaring that he had learnt the fact from
the successors of the Apostles. And indeed the well-
informed Eusebius also in his Ecclesiastical History
says; `Thomas received by lot Parthia, but John, Asia,
where also he made his residence and died at Ephesus.'

CHAPTER 13
 <<13:0  Eusebius, _Hist. Eccl._ 3/36:1-2>>
 13:1  |At this time flourished in Asia Polycarp, a
disciple of the Apostles, who had received the
bishopric of the church in Smyrna at the hands of _the
eye-witnesses and ministers_ of the Lord. At which
time Papias, who was himself also bishop of the
diocese of Hierapolis, became distinguished.

CHAPTER 14
 <<14:0  Eusebius, _Chronicon._ >>
 14:1  |Irenaeus and others record that John the Divine
and Apostle survived until the times of Trajan; after
which time Papias of Hierapolis and Polycarp, bishop
of Smyrna, his hearers, became well known.

CHAPTER 15
 <<15:0  Jerome, _De Vir. Illust._ 18 (PL 23:670)>>
 15:1  |Papias, a hearer of John, (and) bishop of
Hierapolis in Asia, wrote only five books, which he
entitled An Exposition of Discourses of the Lord.
Wherein, when he asserts in his preface that he is not
following promiscuous statements, but has the Apostles
as his authorities, he says: --
 15:2  |"I used to inquire what had been said by
Andrew, or by Peter, or by Philip, or by Thomas or
James, or by John or Matthew or any other of the
Lord's disciples, and what Aristion and the Elder
John, the disciples of the Lord, were saying. For
books to read do not profit me so much as the living
voice clearly sounding up to the present day in (the
persons of) their authors."
 15:3  |From which it is clear that in his list of
names itself there is one John who is reckoned among
the Apostles, and another the Elder John, whom he
enumerates after Aristion. We have mentioned this fact
on account of the statement made above, which we have
recorded on the authority of very many, that the two
later epistles of John are not (the work) of the
Apostle, but of the Elder. This (Papias) is said to
have promulgated the Jewish tradition of a Millennium,
and he is followed by Irenaeus, Apollinarius and the
others, who say that after the resurrection the Lord
will reign in the flesh with the saints.

CHAPTER 16
 <<16:0  Jerome, _Ad Lucinium_ Epist. 71:5 (CSEL 65)>>
 16:1  |Further a false rumour has reached me that the
books of Josephus and the writings of Papias and
Polycarp have been translated by me; but I have
neither leisure nor strength to render such works as
these with corresponding elegance into another tongue.

CHAPTER 17
 <<17:0  Jerome, _Ad Theodoram_ Epist. 75:3 (CSEL 55)>>
 17:1  |Irenaeus, a disciple of Papias who was a hearer
of John the Evangelist, relates.

CHAPTER 18
 <<18:0  _Codex Vaticanus Alexandrinus_ 14>>
 18:1  |Here beginneth the argument to the Gospel
according to John. The Gospel of John was made known
and given to the churches by John, while he yet
remained in the body; as (one) Papias by name, of
Hierapolis, a beloved disciple of John, has related in
his five exoteric (_read_ exegetical) books;
 18:2  but he wrote down the Gospel at the dictation
of John, correctly ...

CHAPTER 19
 <<19:0  _Catena Patr. Graec. in S. Joan._ Proem>>
 19:1  |For, last of these, John, surnamed the Son of
Thunder, when he was now a very old man, as Irenaeus
and Eusebius and a succession of trustworthy
historians have handed down to us, about the time when
terrible heresies had cropped up, dictated the Gospel
to his own disciple, the virtuous Papias of
Hierapolis, to fill up what was lacking in those who
before him had proclaimed the word to the nations
throughout all the earth.

      The current numbering system differs from that
used by Lightfoot. The following tables may prove
handy for quick conversion from one system to another:

Current  Lightfoot's              Lightfoot's  Current
number     number                   number      number

    1      XIV  (14)                  I  (1)       1
    2      III   (3)                 II  (2)      13
    3    XVIII  (18)                III  (3)       2
    4       XI  (11)                 IV  (4)       *
    5        X  (10)                  V  (5)      11
    6      XII  (12)                 VI  (6)      12
    7     XIII  (13)                VII  (7)      15
    8       XV  (15)               VIII  (8)      16
    9      XVI  (16)                 IX  (9)      17
   10     XVII  (17)                  X (10)       5
   11        V   (5)                 XI (11)       4
   12       VI   (6)                XII (12)       6
   13       II   (2)               XIII (13)       7
   14        I   (1)                XIV (14)       1
   15      VII   (7)                 XV (15)       8
   16     VIII   (8)                XVI (16)       9
   17       IX   (9)               XVII (17)      10
   18      XIX  (19)              XVIII (18)       3
   19       XX  (20)                XIX (19)      18
                                     XX (20)      19

* John 7:53-8:11  (The woman taken in adultery --
"Let him who is without sin cast the first stone.")